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Building and Rebuilding a $50B Company

Building
April 9, 2025
Carvana CEO Ernest Garcia on failure, debt, strategy, and resilience.
Topics discussed in the episode:
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How does Ernie view the role of risk in achieving startup success?
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What kind of people should founders be cautious about when building their team?
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Why is it important for founders to avoid abstraction and stay close to operations?
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How did Ernie's competitive nature influence Carvana's pursuit of product-market fit?
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Is venture funding broken in its mindset towards capital-intensive startups?
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How can startups remain robust to volatility without overreacting to market conditions?
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How has Carvana maintained a cohesive executive team over time?
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How does Ernie approach building respect within his team?
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Why is it important to balance operators and strategists in a startup team?
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How can founders maintain conviction during challenging fundraising periods?

How does Ernie view the role of risk in achieving startup success?

Taking risks is essential in building a successful startup.

"You need to take risks to do something meaningful, and I think risk is less risky than most people believe."

  • Ernie believes that embracing risk is necessary for significant achievements.
  • Founders often underestimate their ability to solve problems under pressure.
  • Accepting risk can lead to breakthroughs and long-term success.

What kind of people should founders be cautious about when building their team?

Founders should be cautious of certain archetypes when hiring.

"I think that there's like an archetype of a person that is extremely common... They're usually very smart, they're usually very conceptual... but they lack the ability to get practical and to find the occasions where they're wrong."

  • Ernie warns against hiring individuals who can't implement practical solutions.
  • Such people may hinder progress despite their charisma and intelligence.
  • Founders should ensure team members can translate ideas into actions.

Why is it important for founders to avoid abstraction and stay close to operations?

Founders should avoid becoming too abstracted from their company's operations.

"I think abstraction is very bad, at least for a person who starts conceptual... The closer you get to the ground, the better you are, and I think that like the pressure of scale pushes everyone up the pyramid."

  • Ernie advises founders to stay involved in day-to-day operations.
  • Being close to the ground helps in understanding real issues and driving success.
  • Founders should resist the tendency to become distant as the company grows.

How did Ernie's competitive nature influence Carvana's pursuit of product-market fit?

A founder's personal drive can significantly impact a startup's pursuit of product-market fit.

"I've always been a deeply competitive person... I had to compete, but I also just hated losing and I think that transferred a little bit into like, okay, like if my dad can do it, I can do it and I can do it better."

  • Ernie's competitiveness fueled his determination to succeed.
  • Personal motivations can drive founders to find and secure PMF.
  • Founders should harness their intrinsic motivations to overcome challenges.

Is venture funding broken in its mindset towards capital-intensive startups?

Ernie questions whether venture capitalists have a broken mindset towards certain startups.

"At the time that we were trying to do our early fundraises, you know, capital intensity, operational intensity were not popular... We didn't fit the patterns, and I think that we didn't have the relationships that gave investors the opportunity... to have deep enough conviction."

  • Ernie suggests that VCs may overlook startups that don't fit current trends.
  • Founders of unconventional startups might face additional fundraising challenges.
  • Building strong relationships can help overcome investor biases.

How can startups remain robust to volatility without overreacting to market conditions?

Being resilient to volatility is key to a startup's long-term success.

"There's no stories of companies that make it with no volatility... you need to just know that there's no avoiding that. And if you know that, then it's like when that happens, just use it."

  • Ernie emphasizes accepting volatility as part of the startup journey.
  • Founders should focus on their convictions rather than external market reactions.
  • Using challenging times as motivation can strengthen the company.

How has Carvana maintained a cohesive executive team over time?

Keeping a strong executive team together is rare but valuable.

"I think that it's a group of people that are not motivated by status as much as most are... They'd been through hard times together and believed in what they were building."

  • Ernie credits team longevity to shared values over personal status.
  • Facing challenges together strengthens team cohesion.
  • Founders should cultivate a culture focused on collective success.

How does Ernie approach building respect within his team?

Building respect within a team is essential for strong collaboration.

"I would way rather take a person in any role that is respected by someone that I respect than someone who's done it before. My personal view is like, I don't care that much if you've done it before."

  • Ernie values mutual respect over prior experience.
  • Hiring people respected by trusted individuals fosters a strong team.
  • Founders should prioritize character and reputation when building teams.

Why is it important to balance operators and strategists in a startup team?

Balancing operators and strategists is crucial for a startup's success.

"I think that if you can pick one, I think you want operators... But then I think the ceiling of your possible success is a function of the conceptual thinker. And so to me, like marrying those things together, I think is really, really important and really hard."

  • Ernie highlights the need for both practical operators and conceptual strategists.
  • Combining both skills can maximize a company's potential.
  • Founders should strive to pair these complementary talents within their teams.

How can founders maintain conviction during challenging fundraising periods?

Maintaining conviction is vital when fundraising, especially if your approach diverges from investors' expectations.

"...we kind of believed that vertical integration was very important. Honestly, I think every bit as much so for control over the entirety of the customer experience as for the economic benefits and strategic benefits that come from being totally stacked and having access to all the economics."

  • Ernie emphasizes sticking to core beliefs despite investor skepticism.
  • Founders should not compromise on fundamental aspects of their business model.
  • Conviction can lead to success even when facing fundraising hurdles.